Plant species diversity in urban areas of Northwest Siberia

Elena Koptseva; Olga Sumina; Pavel Kirillov; Alexandr Egorov; Alexandr Pechkin

doi:10.21638/spbu03.2021.204

Authors

Elena Koptseva Department of Vegetation Science and Plant Ecology, Faculty of Biology, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab., 7–9, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4387-9521
Olga Sumina Department of Vegetation Science and Plant Ecology, Faculty of Biology, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab., 7–9, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6191-228X
Pavel Kirillov S.M. Kirov Saint Petersburg State Forest Technical University, Institutskiy per., 5, Saint Petersburg, 194021, Russian Federation https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7055-1922
Alexandr Egorov Department of Biogeography and Environmental Protection, Institute of Earth Sciences, Saint Petersburg State University, 10 Liniya V. O., 33–35, Saint Petersburg, 199178, Russian Federation; S.M. Kirov Saint Petersburg State Forest Technical University, Institutskiy per., 5, Saint Petersburg, 194021, Russian Federation https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1800-0389
Alexandr Pechkin Arctic Research Center of the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous District, ul. Respubliki, 73, Salekhard, 629008, Russian Federation https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6293-1252

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu03.2021.204

Abstract

The flora of two towns and two settlements in the northern taiga and forest-tundra of Northwest Siberia (Russia) are considered. Urban species lists are limited (61–119 vascular plant species) and mainly consist of native species with a predominance of perennial herbs. Various urban functional zones (industrial, residential, recreational, vegetable patches) differ by species composition, and this difference increases in the course of city development. In the industrial zone, vegetation composition is closer to the native flora, because of the low number of adventive species. Maximal diversity is due to decorative plants, cultivars and southern weed distribution, and is typical to residential neighborhoods. Species diversity increases mainly because of woody plants introduction. Alien species are represented generally by a small number of individuals. The severe climate and poor soils limit their abilities to spread in the Far North. Urbanization forces the reduction of aboriginal biodiversity, but in northern areas where native species have the adaptive advantage, this effect is minimal. Changes in flora since 1995 were analyzed in the town of Novy Urengoy (Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Russia). Plant diversity increased by about 20 % in all functional zones, although some alien and natural species were not recorded in 2018.

Keywords:

urban environment, plant diversity, urban functional zones, urban vegetation, Arctic zone of Russian Federation

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